What Medications Can I Take During Pregnancy

Finding out you’re pregnant (or thinking you might be) can bring a lot of questions. One of the most common is: What medications can I take during pregnancy?

Whether you’re dealing with a headache, allergies, nausea, or an ongoing health condition, it’s completely normal to wonder what’s safe and what’s not.

The truth is, some medications are considered low-risk during pregnancy, while others should be avoided. The key is knowing the difference and talking with a medical professional before taking anything new.

Why Safe Medication Use Matters During Pregnancy

During pregnancy, your body shares nutrients, oxygen, and blood supply with your developing baby [1].  Some medications can cross the placenta and reach the baby as well.

While many medications are considered safe, others may increase the risk of:

• Birth defects
• Preterm labor
• Low birth weight
• Pregnancy complications

Many women take at least one medication during pregnancy, often before they even realize they’re pregnant [2]. That’s why it’s important to double-check everything from prescriptions to over-the-counter (OTC) remedies.

If you’re unsure about a medication, it’s always better to pause and ask.

Common Over-the-Counter Medications That Are Usually Safe

If you’re wondering what medications are safe to take during pregnancy, here are some OTC options that are commonly considered low-risk when used as directed. However, every pregnancy is unique, so confirm with a healthcare provider before taking anything.

Pain Relief and Headaches

If you’re dealing with occasional headaches or minor aches during pregnancy, it’s important to pause before reaching for medication.

Acetaminophen (Tylenol®), once widely considered a first-line pain reliever during pregnancy, has come under increased review in recent years. Some large observational studies suggest prenatal acetaminophen use may be associated with certain developmental or behavioral concerns in children [3].

Other common over-the-counter pain relievers include:

• Ibuprofen (Advil®, Motrin®)
• Naproxen (Aleve®)
• Aspirin (unless prescribed)

Are also typically not recommended, especially in the third trimester, as they may affect fetal circulation, kidney development, amniotic fluid levels, or increase bleeding risks [4].

Because recommendations can vary based on your trimester, dosage, and medical history, it’s best to consult a physician to learn how any specific medication could affect your pregnancy.

Herbal Supplements and Natural Remedies

The good news is that there are supportive options available that don’t rely solely on pharmaceuticals. Many women explore non-drug approaches for managing discomfort during pregnancy.

Some options that may be helpful include:

Arnica Gel (Topical Only)

Arnica gel is derived from the Arnica montana plant and has traditionally been used for muscle soreness, bruising, and joint discomfort. The plant contains more than 150 bioactive components and has been used in natural remedies for many years.

Topical arnica products, such as creams or gels, are the most common way it is used for muscle aches or minor injuries. Some reports suggest arnica gel may offer relief similar to other topical pain relievers for certain types of soreness.

It’s also important to know that herbal products like arnica are not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the same way medications are, meaning dosage and ingredient strength can vary between products.5  As with any product used during pregnancy, consult a physician before adding arnica gel or any other remedy to your routine. 

Turmeric

Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, turmeric may support the body’s natural inflammatory response when used appropriately. Adding turmeric to your food, or in teas, can be beneficial. However, taking turmeric as a supplement while pregnant should be discussed with your doctor.

Frankincense Oil (Aromatherapy or Topical Use)

Used in aromatherapy or diluted appropriately for topical application. One example sometimes used in aromatherapy is one drop diluted in four ounces of water. Stop using if irritation develops on the skin. Essential oils should be used cautiously and discussed with a healthcare provider before use.

Cold or Warm Compresses

Simple tools can be surprisingly effective. For pain or muscle discomfort, try alternating between:

• Cold compresses may help reduce inflammation
• Warm compresses may soothe muscle tension

The MELT Method® 

MELT is a gentle self-treatment technique designed to enhance mobility, stability, and overall well-being [6]. It has been promoted as a method that may reduce chronic pain and improve body function, and some women use it during pregnancy to support comfort and prepare for delivery.

Chiropractic Care During Pregnancy

Prenatal chiropractic adjustments are designed specifically for the pregnant body and may help relieve back, hip, and pelvic discomfort when performed by a trained provider.

Acupuncture

Some studies suggest acupuncture may help manage pregnancy-related discomfort, such as back pain or nausea, when performed by a licensed practitioner experienced in prenatal care [7].

Many women find reassurance in knowing that we have options beyond immediately turning to medication. The human body is designed with incredible capacity for healing and adaptation, and supportive therapies may offer meaningful relief.

That said, every pregnancy is different. What works well for one woman may not be right for another. Always speak with a physician or qualified healthcare provider before beginning any new supplement, therapy, or treatment during pregnancy.

Cough, Cold, and Allergy Relief

Cold symptoms can be miserable during pregnancy.

Some ingredients that are often considered low-risk (depending on trimester and dosage) include:

• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®)
• Loratadine (Claritin®)
• Certain plain cough suppressants

However, multi-symptom cold formulas may contain combinations of ingredients that aren’t recommended [8]. Avoid products with alcohol and always read labels carefully.

Digestive Health and Nausea

Heartburn, constipation, and nausea are common during pregnancy.

Commonly used options may include:

• Calcium carbonate (Tums®)
• Certain antacids
• Vitamin B6 (for nausea, under medical guidance)
• Stool softeners like docusate sodium
• Ginger chews or ginger-based products

Severe nausea and vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum) should be evaluated by a medical professional [9].

Skincare and Topical Treatments

Topical medications may seem harmless, but some ingredients can still be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Generally avoided during pregnancy:

• Retinoids (often found in acne and anti-aging products)
• High-dose salicylic acid

Mild topical treatments and basic moisturizers are usually safe, but if you’re unsure, bring the product with you to a medical appointment for review.

Are Prescription Medications Safe While Pregnant?

If you take medication for conditions like:

• High blood pressure
• Depression or anxiety
• Thyroid disorders
• Asthma
• Diabetes

Do not stop taking your medication without speaking to a healthcare provider.

Some prescription medications are safe to continue during pregnancy. Others may need dosage adjustments or safer alternatives.

Stopping certain medications abruptly can actually pose a greater risk than continuing them. This is why prenatal care as soon as possible is so important. 

If you think you might be pregnant and take prescription medication, schedule an appointment as soon as possible to review your treatment plan.

Medications and Substances to Avoid While Pregnant

While some medications may be considered low-risk in pregnancy, others could pose potential risks, especially depending on dosage, timing, and individual health history.

Pain Relievers and Other Meds That May Cause Harm

As mentioned earlier, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and naproxen (most commonly known as Advil®, Motrin®, and Aleve®)  are generally not recommended in later pregnancy, as they may cause complications involving fetal circulation, kidney development, and amniotic fluid levels.

Acetaminophen (Tylenol®) is not an NSAID, but it has also come under increased scrutiny in recent years. Federal health communications and published research have raised concerns about possible effects on fetal development [10]. Because of this, many providers now recommend avoiding acetaminophen during pregnancy, unless a physician specifically advises otherwise.

Certain prescription acne medications, seizure medications, and other specialized treatments are also known to carry higher risks of birth defects or pregnancy complications.

For any prescription or over-the-counter medication, the safest next step is to consult your physician to learn how it could affect your pregnancy specifically. Never start, stop, or adjust a medication without medical guidance.